Long products
Long products are hot-rolled bars of simple cross-section: round, square, flat, hexagonal bar and wire rod in coils.
6
items with size and weight tables
20
standards for rolling and acceptance
Items in this category
Round bar, square bar, flat bar, hexagonal bar, wire rod and stainless round bar from mills in China
What it is and how it is supplied
Long products are bars whose cross-section is defined by one or two dimensions: the diameter of a round, the side of a square, the width and thickness of a flat, the across-flats distance of a hexagon. In Uzbekistan dimensions and tolerances are read from GOST 2590, GOST 2591, GOST 103 and GOST 2879, wire rod from GOST 30136, stainless bar from GOST 5949. Grades range from ordinary-quality St3 to quality carbon steels 20 and 45 and alloy steel 40Kh; stainless round bar is 08Kh18N10, 12Kh18N10T and 03Kh17N14M3.
Details
Mills in China roll long products from continuously cast billet to GB/T 702, taking grades from GB/T 700, GB/T 699 and GB/T 3077, and stainless bar from GB/T 1220. Every GOST grade has a nearest GB grade, but chemical composition and mechanical property limits differ in detail. The bureau therefore fixes in the specification the GOST grade, its GB equivalent and the control values that the mill confirms in the mill test certificate (MTC).
Before shipment the bureau inspects the batch at the mill: measures the cross-section with a micrometer and a calliper, checks the heat number on the tag against the certificate and the chemical composition, checks the marking and the strapping of bundles and coils. The result is an inspection report with photographs, which you receive before the batch leaves. Rejects recorded in the report are replaced — the replacement is supplied by the mill under its contract with the bureau. The batch is sized to your volume — send your specification.
Grade equivalents
Equivalents are the nearest, not identical: the exact grade and standard are written into the contract.
| GOST | GB (China) | ASTM | EN | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| St3sp | GB (China)Q235B | ASTMA36 | ENS235JR | NoteNearest equivalents: carbon, manganese and impact toughness limits differ between the standards. The specification fixes the GOST grade and the control values. |
| Steel 20 | GB (China)20# | ASTM1020 | ENC22E | NoteQuality carbon steel; the equivalents match in carbon content, impurity limits are checked against the certificate. |
| Steel 45 | GB (China)45# | ASTM1045 | ENC45E | NoteSteel for heat treatment; hardness and delivery condition are checked — hot-rolled, normalised or annealed. |
| 40Kh | GB (China)40Cr | ASTM5140 | EN41Cr4 | NoteChromium alloy steel; the equivalents are close in composition, chromium content is confirmed by the heat certificate. |
| 09G2S | GB (China)Q355B | ASTMA572 Gr. 50 | ENS355JR | NoteNearest equivalents by strength; 09G2S specifies impact toughness at minus 40 °C, the equivalents use other test temperatures. |
| St1kp | GB (China)Q195 | ASTM1008 | EN— | NoteWire rod for drawing and tying wire; the nearest equivalent by carbon content, there is no single EN grade for this class. |
| 08Kh18N10 | GB (China)06Cr19Ni10 | ASTM304 | EN1.4301 | NoteAustenitic chromium-nickel steel; nearest equivalents: chromium and nickel ranges differ between the standards, composition is confirmed by the heat certificate. |
| 12Kh18N10T | GB (China)06Cr18Ni11Ti | ASTM321 | EN1.4541 | NoteTitanium-stabilised; nearest equivalents: the upper carbon limit is 0.12 % for 12Kh18N10T and 0.08 % for 321 and 1.4541; titanium content is checked against the certificate. |
| 03Kh17N14M3 | GB (China)022Cr17Ni12Mo2 | ASTM316L | EN1.4404 | NoteMolybdenum-bearing, low-carbon; nearest equivalents: the lower nickel limit of 03Kh17N14M3 is higher than that of 316L, composition is confirmed by the heat certificate. |
Equivalents are the closest match, not identical: chemistry and tolerances differ between standards. The exact grade and standard are written into the contract.
Buyer questions
How to read a mill test certificate (MTC) for long products
In the certificate the mill states the heat number, grade and standard, the chemical composition of the heat, the mechanical properties from test results, the size and weight of the batch. The heat number must match the tag on the bundle or coil — this is the first thing the bureau's inspector checks. If the mill rolled to GB, the bureau attaches to the certificate a table of GOST-to-GB grade correspondence and the control values from the specification.
How St3 differs from steels 20, 45 and 40Kh
St3 is an ordinary-quality steel to GOST 535: strength is specified, impurities are allowed within wider limits; it goes into structures and non-critical parts. Steels 20 and 45 are quality carbon steels to GOST 1050: impurities are limited more tightly, properties are set by carbon content, steel 45 is used for hardening and quench-and-temper treatment. 40Kh is a chromium alloy steel to GOST 4543 for shafts, axles and gears after heat treatment. The grade is chosen from the part drawing, not from what is in stock.
How the tonnage of long products is calculated
The theoretical weight per metre is calculated from the cross-sectional area and the steel density of 7.85 g/cm³: round bar 0.006165·d², square bar 0.00785·a², flat bar 0.00785·b·t in kilograms per metre with dimensions in millimetres. The specification and the contract with the mill are drawn up on theoretical weight. Shipment and acceptance at the warehouse go by actual weight from weighing; the difference from theory lies within the dimensional tolerances of the standard.
What the bureau checks when inspecting a batch at the mill
Cross-section — with a micrometer and a calliper in two perpendicular directions on bars from different bundles, checked against the GOST tolerances for the rolling accuracy class. Documents — the heat number on the tag against the certificate, the chemical composition against the specification, for stainless grades a rapid composition check with a portable spectrometer. Appearance — surface free of cracks, laps and scabs, straightness, twist of square and hexagonal bar. Packing — strapping of bundles, a legible tag, grade marking on the bar ends. Everything is recorded in an inspection report with photographs.
How a batch is sized and what to send for a quotation
The batch is sized to your volume — send your specification: steel grade to GOST, product type and cross-section size, rolling accuracy class, bar length or coil weight, volume in tonnes for each size, certificate and packing requirements. On the specification the bureau selects a mill, agrees terms with it and returns to you a draft contract describing inspection and acceptance.
Price request
Send your specification and we will quote your batch
Price depends on grade, size, tonnage and delivery terms on the day of contract.
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